This paper discusses some issues that need to be threshed out when shifting from a unitary to federal form of government. These issues include, among others, the process of drawing state borders, estimating the cost of creating and maintaining state governments, ensuring fiscal sustainability, correcting fiscal imbalances across states, and the need for a fiscal plan to address the national debt. This paper was first published in 2006 but many of the issues discussed are still relevant to the ongoing discourse on federalism.>>read complete document